Technology |Ndezvipi Zvinhu zvine hukama neZvivakwa zvePolyurethane Flexible Foam

Neiko kune marudzi mazhinji kwazvo ehupfu hwepolyurethane anochinjika uye akawanda maapplication?Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekusiyana-siyana kwekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira, kuitira kuti zvimiro zve flexible polyurethane foams zvakagadzirwa zvakasiyana.Zvadaro, iyo mbishi inoshandiswa kuchinjika polyurethane foams Chii chinoita chimiro chechigadzirwa chakapedzwa?

1. Polyether polyol

Seyakanyanya mbishi yekugadzira inochinjika polyurethane furo, polyether polyol inopindirana neisocyanate kuumba urethane, inova skeleton reaction yezvigadzirwa zvefuro.Kana huwandu hwepolyether polyol huchiwedzerwa, huwandu hwezvimwe zvinhu zvakasvibiswa (isocyanate, mvura uye catalyst, nezvimwewo) zvakaderedzwa, izvo zviri nyore kukonzera kuputika kana kuparara kwe polyurethane flexible foam products.Kana huwandu hwepolyether polyol hukadzikiswa, iyo inowanikwa inochinjika polyurethane foam chigadzirwa ichave yakaoma uye elasticity ichaderedzwa, uye kunzwa kweruoko kuchave kwakashata.

2. Foaming agent

Kazhinji, mvura chete (kemikari inopupuma furo) ndiyo inoshandiswa seanopupuma furo mukugadzira mabhuroko epolyurethane ane density yakakura kudarika 21g/cm3, uye nzvimbo dzinofashaira dzakaderera senge methylene chloride (MC) dzinoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwakaderera-density kana ultra. -soft formulations.Macompounds (physical blowing agents) anoita seanofemera anobatsira.

Semhepo inoputika, mvura inopindirana ne isocyanate kuumba urea zvisungo uye kusunungura huwandu hukuru hwe CO2 uye kupisa.Iyi dhizaini ndeyekuwedzerwa kweketani.Kuwanda kwemvura, kunoderedza kuwanda kwefuro uye kusimba kwekuoma.Panguva imwecheteyo, sero mbiru dzinova duku uye dzisina simba, izvo zvinoderedza simba rekutakura, uye zvinowanzoputsika uye kuputika.Mukuwedzera, kushandiswa kweisocyanate kunowedzera, uye kusunungurwa kwekupisa kunowedzera.Zviri nyore kukonzera kupisa kwepakati.Kana huwandu hwemvura huchipfuura 5.0 zvikamu, iyo inofema furo inofanirwa kuwedzerwa kuti itore chikamu chekupisa uye kudzivirira kupisa kwepakati.Kana huwandu hwemvura huchideredzwa, huwandu hwechigadziri hunoenderana nekuderedzwa, asi kuwanda kweiyo inowanikwa inoshanduka polyurethane foam inowedzera.

mufananidzo

Yekubatsira kuvhuvhuta mumiririri inoderedza density uye kuoma kwe polyurethane flexible furo.Sezvo mubatsiri anofuridza mumiririri anotora chikamu chekuita kupisa panguva yekuisa gasification, chiyero chekuporesa chinodzikiswa, saka zvakakosha kuti uwedzere zvakakodzera huwandu hwechinokonzera;panguva imwe chete, nokuti gasification inotora chikamu chekupisa, njodzi yekupisa kwepakati inodziviswa.

3. Toluene disocyanate

Polyurethane furo rinochinjika rinowanzo sarudza T80, kureva, musanganiswa wemasomeri maviri e2,4-TDI uye 2,6-TDI ane reshiyo ye (80±2)% uye (20±2)%.

Kana iyo isocyanate index yakanyanya kukwira, iyo nzvimbo inonamira kwenguva yakareba, iyo inomanikidza modulus ye furo body ichawedzera, foam network dhizaini ichave yakaoma, iyo yakavharwa sero ichawedzera, iyo rebound rate inoderera, uye dzimwe nguva. chigadzirwa chichatsemuka.

Kana iyo isocyanate indekisi yakanyanya kuderera, simba remagetsi uye kusimba kwefuro kuchaderedzwa, kuitira kuti furo riite kutsemuka kwakatsetseka, izvo zvinozopedzisira zvakonzera dambudziko rekushaya kudzokororwa kweiyo foam process;uyezve, kana iyo isocyanate indekisi yakanyanya kuderera, ichaita zvakare Ichaita kuti iyo yekumanikidza seti ye polyurethane furo ive yakakura, uye pamusoro pefuro rinowanzonzwa kunyorova.

4. Catalyst

1. Tertiary amine catalyst: A33 (triethylenediamine solution ine chikamu chikuru che 33%) inowanzoshandiswa, uye basa rayo nderekukurudzira kuita kwe isocyanate nemvura, kugadzirisa kuwanda kwefuro uye kuvhura kwehuputi, nezvimwewo. ., kunyanya kusimudzira kuburitsa furo.

Kana huwandu hwetertiary amine catalyst hwakawandisa, huchaita kuti zvigadzirwa zve polyurethane foam zvitsemuke, uye pachava nemapores kana mabhubhu mufuro;kana chiyero chetertiary amine catalyst chiri chidiki kwazvo, iyo inokonzeresa polyurethane foam inoderera, yakavharwa maseru, uye ichaita kuti furo chigadzirwa chive pasi chakakora.

2. Organometallic catalyst: T-9 inowanzoshandiswa se organotin octoate catalyst;T-9 ndeye gel reaction catalyst ine yakakwira catalytic chiitiko, uye basa rayo guru nderekusimudzira kuita kwegel, ndiko kuti, kuzoita.

Kana huwandu hwe organotin catalyst huchiwedzerwa zvakakodzera, yakanaka yakavhurika-sero polyurethane foam inogona kuwanikwa.Kuwedzera kuwedzera huwandu hwe organotin catalyst huchaita kuti furo riwedzere zvishoma nezvishoma, zvichiita kuti shrinkage uye masero akavharwa.

Kuderedza huwandu hwetertiary amine catalyst kana kuwedzera huwandu hwe organotin catalyst inogona kuwedzera simba repolymer bubble film madziro kana huwandu hukuru hwegasi hunogadzirwa, nekudaro kuderedza chiitiko chegomba kana kuputika.

Kunyangwe iyo polyurethane foam ine yakanaka yakavhurika-sero kana yakavharwa-sero chimiro zvakanyanya zvinoenderana nekuti iyo gel reaction inomhanya uye gasi rekuwedzera kumhanya zvakaenzana panguva yekuumbwa kwe polyurethane furo.Iyi chiyero inogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekugadzirisa rudzi uye huwandu hwepamusoro amine catalyst catalyst uye foam stabilization uye mamwe anobatsira anobatsira mukugadzirisa.

Declaration:Chinyorwa chakatorwa kubvahttps://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/JYKOaDmRNAXZEr1mO5rrPQ (link yakabatanidzwa).Chete chekukurukurirana uye kudzidza, usaite zvimwe zvekutengesa zvinangwa, hazvimiriri maonero nemafungiro ekambani, kana iwe uchida kudhindazve, ndapota taura nemunyori wepakutanga, kana paine kukanganisa, ndapota taura nesu nekukurumidza kuti tiite delete processing.